[Luke]

I would hesitate to call them pagans, as it implies that they were willfully rejecting the counsel of God. It would appear that they were more ignorant (remembering that Calvin did not have the infallible word of God, nor did Luther, only portions of it), than wilfully practising pagan traditions.

Alexander Hislop does outline the pagan origins of Rome in his book "The Two Babylons". Unfortunately today, those who still hold to these errors (infant baptism, baptismal regeneration, nicolatian doctrines (difference between laity and clergy), sacraments, transubstantiation etc), are pagan, as there is plenty of evidence against it, most of all the written word of God.